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How to Tell if an Article Is Peer Reviewed on Jstor

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Benefactor of eBooks and other digital media

JSTOR
JSTOR vector logo.svg

Screenshot

The JSTOR front page

Type of site

 Digital library
Available in English (includes content in other languages)
Possessor Ithaka Harbors, Inc.[1]
Created by Andrew West. Mellon Foundation
Founder(s) William G. Bowen
URL jstor.org
Registration Aye
Launched 1995; 27 years ago  (1995)
Current status Agile
OCLC number 46609535
Links
Website world wide web.jstor.org
Championship listing(s) support.jstor.org/hc/en-u.s.a./articles/115007466248-JSTOR-Title-Lists

JSTOR (;[2] short for Periodical Storage)[3] is a digital library founded in 1995 in New York City. Originally containing digitized back issues of academic journals, information technology now encompasses books and other primary sources as well as current issues of journals in the humanities and social sciences.[iv] It provides full-text searches of almost two,000 journals.

As of 2013[update], more than 8,000 institutions in more than 160 countries had admission to JSTOR.[5] Most admission is past subscription but some of the site is public domain, and open up admission content is bachelor free of charge.[6]

JSTOR's revenue was $86 million in 2015.[7]

History [edit]

William G. Bowen, president of Princeton University from 1972 to 1988,[8] founded JSTOR in 1995. JSTOR was originally conceived as a solution to 1 of the bug faced past libraries, especially inquiry and university libraries, due to the increasing number of academic journals in being. Most libraries found it prohibitively expensive in terms of cost and space to maintain a comprehensive collection of journals. By digitizing many periodical titles, JSTOR immune libraries to outsource the storage of journals with the conviction that they would remain available long-term. Online access and full-text searchability improved admission dramatically.

Bowen initially considered using CD-ROMs for distribution.[nine] However, Ira Fuchs, Princeton University'southward vice president for Computing and Information Technology, convinced Bowen that CD-ROM was condign an increasingly outdated engineering and that network distribution could eliminate redundancy and increment accessibility. (For example, all Princeton'due south authoritative and academic buildings were networked by 1989; the student dormitory network was completed in 1994; and campus networks similar the ane at Princeton were, in turn, linked to larger networks such as BITNET and the Internet.) JSTOR was initiated in 1995 at vii different library sites, and originally encompassed x economic science and history journals. JSTOR access improved based on feedback from its initial sites, and it became a fully searchable index accessible from any ordinary web browser. Special software was put in identify to make pictures and graphs clear and readable.[10]

With the success of this limited project, Bowen and Kevin Guthrie, the then-president of JSTOR, wanted to expand the number of participating journals. They met with representatives of the Royal Club of London and an agreement was fabricated to digitize the Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society dating from its outset in 1665. The work of calculation these volumes to JSTOR was completed by December 2000.[x] In 1999 JSTOR started a partnership with Joint Data Systems Committee and created a mirror website at the University of Manchester to make the JSTOR database available to over 20 college education institutions in England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Republic of ireland.[11]

The Andrew W. Mellon Foundation funded JSTOR initially. Until January 2009 JSTOR operated as an independent, self-sustaining nonprofit system with offices in New York Urban center and in Ann Arbor, Michigan. And so JSTOR merged with the nonprofit Ithaka Harbors, Inc.[12]—a nonprofit system founded in 2003 and "defended to helping the academic community take full advantage of rapidly advancing information and networking technologies".[1]

Content [edit]

JSTOR content is provided by more than 900 publishers.[five] The database contains more ane,900 periodical titles,[v] in more 50 disciplines. Each object is uniquely identified past an integer value, starting at 1 which is used to create a stable URL.[13]

In add-on to the chief site, the JSTOR labs group operates an open service that allows access to the contents of the athenaeum for the purposes of corpus analysis at its Data for Research service.[14] This site offers a search facility with graphical indication of the article coverage and loose integration into the main JSTOR site. Users may create focused sets of manufactures and so request a dataset containing word and north-gram frequencies and basic metadata. They are notified when the dataset is ready and may download it in either XML or CSV formats. The service does not offer full-text, although academics may asking that from JSTOR, bailiwick to a non-disclosure understanding.

JSTOR Plant Science[xv] is available in addition to the master site. JSTOR Found Scientific discipline provides access to content such equally plant blazon specimens, taxonomic structures, scientific literature, and related materials and aimed at those researching, teaching, or studying botany, biology, environmental, environmental, and conservation studies. The materials on JSTOR Plant Science are contributed through the Global Plants Initiative (GPI)[16] and are attainable just to JSTOR and GPI members. 2 partner networks are contributing to this: the African Plants Initiative, which focuses on plants from Africa, and the Latin American Plants Initiative, which contributes plants from Latin America.

JSTOR launched its Books at JSTOR plan in November 2012, calculation fifteen,000 current and backlist books to its site. The books are linked with reviews and from citations in journal articles.[17]

In September 2014, JSTOR launched JSTOR Daily, an online magazine meant to bring bookish research to a broader audition. Posted manufactures are generally based on JSTOR entries, and some entries provide the backstory to current events.[18]

Access [edit]

JSTOR is licensed mainly to academic institutions, public libraries, research institutions, museums, and schools. More than vii,000 institutions in more than than 150 countries have access.[four] JSTOR has been running a pilot program of allowing subscribing institutions to provide access to their alumni, in add-on to electric current students and staff. The Alumni Admission Program officially launched in January 2013.[19] Private subscriptions also are available to certain journal titles through the journal publisher.[twenty] Every year, JSTOR blocks 150 meg attempts by non-subscribers to read articles.[21]

Inquiries have been made about the possibility of making JSTOR open access. According to Harvard Law professor Lawrence Lessig, JSTOR had been asked "how much would it cost to make this available to the whole earth, how much would we need to pay you? The reply was $250 million".[22]

Aaron Swartz incident [edit]

In late 2010 and early 2011, Aaron Swartz, an American calculator programmer, author, political organizer and Internet activist, used MIT'southward data network to bulk-download a substantial portion of JSTOR's collection of academic journal articles.[23] [24] When the bulk-download was discovered, a video camera was placed in the room to film the mysterious visitor and the relevant computer was left untouched. Once video was captured of the visitor, the download was stopped and Swartz was identified. Rather than pursue a civil lawsuit against him, in June 2011 they reached a settlement wherein he surrendered the downloaded information.[23] [24]

The following month, federal authorities charged Swartz with several "information theft"-related crimes, including wire fraud, reckoner fraud, unlawfully obtaining data from a protected calculator, and recklessly dissentious a protected computer.[25] [26] Prosecutors in the example claimed that Swartz acted with the intention of making the papers available on P2P file-sharing sites.[24] [27]

Swartz surrendered to regime, pleaded not guilty to all counts, and was released on $100,000 bond. In September 2012, U.S. attorneys increased the number of charges against Swartz from four to 13, with a possible penalty of 35 years in prison and $1 million in fines.[28] [29] The instance still was awaiting when Swartz committed suicide in January 2013.[xxx] Prosecutors dropped the charges later his suicide.[31]

Limitations [edit]

The availability of nearly journals on JSTOR is controlled past a "moving wall", which is an agreed-upon delay between the current volume of the periodical and the latest book available on JSTOR. This fourth dimension period is specified by understanding between JSTOR and the publisher of the periodical, which usually is three to v years. Publishers may request that the menstruation of a "moving wall" be changed or asking discontinuation of coverage. Formerly, publishers also could request that the "moving wall" be changed to a "fixed wall"—a specified engagement later on which JSTOR would not add new volumes to its database. Equally of November 2010[update], "fixed wall" agreements were still in effect with three publishers of 29 journals fabricated bachelor[ needs update ] online through sites controlled by the publishers.[32]

In 2010, JSTOR started adding current issues of sure journals through its Electric current Scholarship Programme.[33]

Increasing public admission [edit]

Start September 6, 2011, JSTOR made public domain content available at no charge to the public.[34] [35] This "Early Journal Content" program constitutes about 6% of JSTOR'southward total content, and includes over 500,000 documents from more than than 200 journals that were published earlier 1923 in the United states of america, and earlier 1870 in other countries.[34] [35] [36] JSTOR stated that it had been working on making this material complimentary for some time. The Swartz controversy and Greg Maxwell'south protest torrent of the aforementioned content led JSTOR to "press ahead" with the initiative.[34] [35] Equally of 2017[update], JSTOR does not have plans to extend it to other public domain content, stating that "We practise not believe that just because something is in the public domain, it can always be provided for free".[37]

In January 2012, JSTOR started a pilot plan, "Register & Read", offering limited no-price access (not open access) to archived articles for individuals who annals for the service. At the decision of the pilot, in Jan 2013, JSTOR expanded Annals & Read from an initial 76 publishers to include about 1,200 journals from over 700 publishers.[38] Registered readers may read up to six articles online every agenda month, but may non impress or download PDFs.[39]

Every bit of 2014, JSTOR is conducting a pilot program with Wikipedia, whereby established editors are given reading privileges through the Wikipedia Library, as with a university library.[40] [41]

Apply [edit]

In 2012, JSTOR users performed nearly 152 million searches, with more than 113 million article views and 73.5 million commodity downloads.[5] JSTOR has been used as a resource for linguistics research to investigate trends in language utilise over time and besides to analyze gender differences and inequities in scholarly publishing, revealing that in certain fields, men predominate in the prestigious offset and last author positions and that women are significantly underrepresented as authors of unmarried-authored papers.[42] [43] [44]

JSTOR metadata is available through CrossRef and the Unpaywall dump,[45] which equally of 2020 identifies nearly iii million works hosted by JSTOR as toll access, as opposed to over 200,000 bachelor in open access (mainly through third party open up access repositories).

See also [edit]

  • Aluka
  • ARTstor
  • ArXiv
  • Digital preservation
  • HAL (open archive)
  • Japanese Historical Text Initiative
  • JHOVE
  • List of academic databases and search engines
  • Project MUSE

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b "Near". Ithaka. Archived from the original on April xxx, 2012. Retrieved Oct 25, 2009.
  2. ^ "JSTOR Videos". YouTube. Archived from the original on April 15, 2019. Retrieved December 16, 2012.
  3. ^ Douglas F. Morgan; Marcus D. Ingle; Craig W. Shinn (September three, 2018). New Public Leadership: Making a Deviation from Where We Sit. Routledge. p. 82. ISBN9780429832918. Archived from the original on August three, 2020. Retrieved June 3, 2020. JSTOR means journal storage, which is an online service created in 1995 to provide electronic admission to an extensive array of academic journals.
  4. ^ a b Genicot, Léopold (February xiii, 2012). "At a glance". Études Rurales (PDF) (45): 131–133. JSTOR 20120213.
  5. ^ a b c d "Annual Summary" (PDF). JSTOR. March 19, 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on November 11, 2013. Retrieved April thirteen, 2013.
  6. ^ "Register and read beta". Archived from the original on October one, 2013. Retrieved Jan 14, 2013.
  7. ^ "Ithaka Harbors, Inc". Nonprofit Explorer. ProPublica. May ix, 2013. Archived from the original on August 6, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
  8. ^ Leitch, Alexander. "Bowen, William Gordon" Archived October eleven, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. Princeton Academy Press.
  9. ^ Schonfeld, Roger C. (2003). JSTOR: A History . Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. ISBN978-0-691-11531-3.
  10. ^ a b Taylor, John (2001). "JSTOR: An Electronic Archive from 1665". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London. 55 (ane): 179–81. doi:10.1098/rsnr.2001.0135. JSTOR 532157. S2CID 72658238.
  11. ^ Guthrie, Kevin M. (1999). "JSTOR: Large Scale Digitization of Journals in the Us" (pdf). Liber Quarterly. 9 (three): 291. doi:ten.18352/lq.7546. ISSN 1435-5205. Archived from the original on November 27, 2021. Retrieved November 27, 2021 – via DOAJ.
  12. ^ "About". JSTOR. Archived from the original on November 7, 2016. Retrieved November 28, 2015.
  13. ^ "Citation Management: Permanently Linking to Content on JSTOR". JSTOR Back up. Archived from the original on October nine, 2021. Retrieved October 9, 2021.
  14. ^ Data for Research Archived September 2, 2011, at the Wayback Car. JSTOR.
  15. ^ JSTOR Plant Science Archived December 26, 2010, at the Wayback Automobile. JSTOR.
  16. ^ Global Plants Initiative Archived December eight, 2015, at the Wayback Auto. JSTOR.
  17. ^ "A New Chapter Begins: Books at JSTOR Launches". JSTOR. November 12, 2012. Archived from the original on April xv, 2013. Retrieved June eight, 2021.
  18. ^ Lichterman, Joseph. "Opening up the archives: JSTOR wants to necktie a library to the news". Nieman Lab. Archived from the original on Oct 11, 2017. Retrieved September eighteen, 2017.
  19. ^ "Access for alumni". JSTOR. Archived from the original on November 30, 2012. Retrieved December i, 2012. (subscription required)
  20. ^ "Individual subscriptions". JSTOR. Archived from the original on November 26, 2012. Retrieved December one, 2012. (subscription required)
  21. ^ Every Yr, JSTOR Turns Away 150 One thousand thousand Attempts to Read Journal Manufactures Archived Nov 16, 2016, at the Wayback Automobile. The Atlantic. Retrieved Jan 29, 2013.
  22. ^ Lessig on "Aaron's Laws—Constabulary and Justice in a Digital Age" Archived March 24, 2013, at the Wayback Automobile. YouTube (February 20, 2013). Retrieved on 2014-04-12.
  23. ^ a b "JSTOR Statement: Misuse Incident and Criminal Instance". JSTOR. July 19, 2011. Archived from the original on January 12, 2013. Retrieved January 14, 2013.
  24. ^ a b c Carter, Zach; Grim, Ryan; Reilly, Ryan J. (January 12, 2013). "Aaron Swartz, Cyberspace Pioneer, Found Expressionless Amid Prosecutor 'Bullying' In Unconventional Case". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on January 20, 2013. Retrieved January 13, 2013.
  25. ^ Bilton, Nick (July 19, 2011). "Internet activist charged in Grand.I.T. data theft". Bits Blog, The New York Times website. Archived from the original on July 21, 2011. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  26. ^ Schwartz, John (July 19, 2011). "Open-Access Abet Is Arrested for Huge Download". New York Times. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
  27. ^ Lindsay, Jay (July 19, 2011). "Feds: Harvard fellow hacked millions of papers". Associated Press. Archived from the original on January 16, 2013. Retrieved July 20, 2011.
  28. ^ Ortiz, Carmen (July 19, 2011). "Alleged Hacker Charged with Stealing over 4 1000000 Documents from MIT Network". The United States Attorney'south Office". Archived from the original on July 24, 2011.
  29. ^ Kravets, David (September 18, 2012). "Feds Charge Activist with 13 Felonies for Rogue Downloading of Academic Articles". Wired. Archived from the original on February 19, 2014. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
  30. ^ "Aaron Swartz, internet freedom activist, dies anile 26" Archived Jan 13, 2013, at the Wayback Machine, BBC News
  31. ^ "Aaron Swartz'southward father: He'd be live today if he was never arrested" Archived July 27, 2020, at the Wayback Machine, money.cnn.com
  32. ^ "Moving wall". JSTOR. Archived from the original on June 25, 2012. Retrieved Oct 19, 2010.
  33. ^ "Nigh current journals". JSTOR. Archived from the original on November 26, 2012. Retrieved Dec 1, 2012.
  34. ^ a b c Brownish, Laura (September 7, 2011). "JSTOR–Gratuitous Admission to Early on Journal Content and Serving 'Unaffiliated' Users". JSTOR. Archived from the original on April 5, 2013. Retrieved June viii, 2021.
  35. ^ a b c Rapp, David (September 7, 2011). "JSTOR Announces Free Access to 500K Public Domain Journal Articles". Library Journal. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
  36. ^ "Early journal content". JSTOR. Archived from the original on July 27, 2012. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
  37. ^ "Most JSTOR: Frequently Asked Questions". JSTOR. Archived from the original on May 11, 2017. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
  38. ^ Tilsley, Alexandra (Jan 9, 2013). "Journal Archive Opens Up (Some)". Inside College Ed. Archived from the original on Jan 6, 2015. Retrieved January half dozen, 2015.
  39. ^ "My JSTOR Read Online Gratuitous". JSTOR. Archived from the original on March 26, 2018. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
  40. ^ Orlowitz, Jake; Earley, Patrick (January 25, 2014). "Librarypedia: The Future of Libraries and Wikipedia". The Digital Shift. Library Journal. Archived from the original on December 20, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  41. ^ Toll, Gary (June 22, 2014). "Wikipedia Library Programme Expands With More than Accounts from JSTOR, Ideology, and Other Database Providers". INFOdocket. Library Journal. Archived from the original on December 20, 2014. Retrieved December 20, 2014.
  42. ^ Shapiro, Fred R. (1998). "A Study in Computer-Assisted Lexicology: Show on the Emergence of Hopefully as a Sentence Adverb from the JSTOR Journal Archive and Other Electronic Resources". American Speech. 73 (three): 279–296. doi:10.2307/455826. JSTOR 455826.
  43. ^ Wilson, Robin (October 22, 2012). "Scholarly Publishing's Gender Gap". The Chronicle of College Education. Archived from the original on January 6, 2015. Retrieved January 6, 2015.
  44. ^ West, Jevin D.; Jacquet, Jennifer; King, Molly M.; Correll, Shelley J.; Bergstrom, Carl T. (July 22, 2013). "The Role of Gender in Scholarly Authorship". PLOS Ane. viii (seven): e66212. arXiv:1211.1759. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...866212W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0066212. PMC3718784. PMID 23894278.
  45. ^ Heather (September 14, 2018). "It's time to insist on #openinfrastructure for #openscience". Our Research blog. Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved April 25, 2020.

Further reading [edit]

  • Gauger, Barbara J.; Kacena, Carolyn (2006). "JSTOR usage information and what it can tell u.s. about ourselves: is at that place predictability based on historical use by libraries of similar size?". OCLC Systems & Services. 22 (i): 43–55. doi:10.1108/10650750610640801.
  • Seeds, Robert Due south. (November 2002). "Impact of a digital archive (JSTOR) on impress collection employ". Collection Building. 21 (3): 120–22. doi:ten.1108/01604950210434551.
  • Spinella, Michael P. (2007). "JSTOR: Past, Present, and Futurity". Journal of Library Administration. 46 (ii): 55–78. doi:10.1300/J111v46n02_05. S2CID 216117863.
  • Spinella, Michael (2008). "JSTOR and the changing digital landscape". Interlending & Document Supply. 36 (2): 79–85. doi:x.1108/02641610810878549.

External links [edit]

  • Official website Edit this at Wikidata
  • "Libraries and institutions offering access". JSTOR. Retrieved Oct 21, 2015. Searchable database, includes many public libraries offering free admission to library card holders.
  • "Annals & Read". JSTOR. Retrieved October 21, 2015. Costless individual registration, offering costless read-only admission (no printing or saving) to three manufactures every two weeks (seventy-eight per twelvemonth).
  • JSTOR Early Journal Content : Complimentary Texts : Download & Streaming : Internet Annal

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JSTOR

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